http://www.tombenson.rocks/magmatic-sources-of-ore-metals daily 0.75 2019-07-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1445286307510-I1GM44L48MU1D6DR7PO9/265-10C.jpg Economic Geology CL image of homogenized melt inclusions within a quartz grain. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444192614086-VYNR1MPJQLLGCQ5TGQCF/criticality+matrix.png Economic Geology Source: DOE Critical Minerals Strategy (2011) http://www.tombenson.rocks/home daily 1.0 2023-08-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444254016087-SGZYPDZ2J3PSDQ3PXO71/IMG_3707.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444090161312-7BCFWNG2VK0939I8VOWE/tumblr_mn8b8sLRb61rkz363o1_1280.jpg Home https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444251514674-EZRU85QNJP29GK753SUX/IMG_9548.jpg Home http://www.tombenson.rocks/silicic-caldera-systems daily 0.75 2019-07-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444253590426-X7DB1JL49PT9MA3D8KFN/IMG_9439.jpg Silicic Caldera Systems Tom examining basinal sediments exposed underneath McDermitt ignimbrites in Oregon (Summer 2013). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444092675937-3NBBTOS7O510C2GD1JOA/IMG_9477.jpg Silicic Caldera Systems Tom mapping the Mid-Miocene Rooster Comb Caldera along the Owyhee Reservoir in eastern Oregon (Summer 2012). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444156202805-K1TI370X55ACSL5XOIO1/image-asset.jpeg Silicic Caldera Systems Fused airfall tuff between flows of the Steens Basalt in the southern Pueblo Mountains, Oregon (Summer 2015). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444251431902-LS96RXVNPBRSRMVMSR0G/IMG_8882.JPG Silicic Caldera Systems http://www.tombenson.rocks/teaching daily 0.75 2019-07-19 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1445285738473-Y915CIDAIU7BM6JRLGBQ/image-asset.png Teaching and Mentorship Tom talking about the role caldera ring fractures may have played in shaping the course of the Owyhee River, Oregon (2012 photo courtesy of Janet Rasmussen). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444868826365-YG6MYKBXG8RIP8NUYZDO/image-asset.jpeg Teaching and Mentorship Tom teaching undergraduates about caldera collapse on the flank of Kilauea, Big Island, Hawaii (2014 photo courtesy of the Harvard EPS Department). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444258971228-1OMOD0RPHJXVRNO18LXU/image-asset.jpeg Teaching and Mentorship Stanford undergraduate student Emily Williams (class of 2016) was a field assistant for Tom during three different field seasons. Tom advised her as she mapped a 7.5-degree quadrangle in southern Oregon as part of an EDMAP grant he co-wrote with advisor Prof. Gail Mahood. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444261457883-87808QRPNUPI5PM1NKKQ/image-asset.jpeg Teaching and Mentorship During her time as Tom's field assistant in Summer 2015, Harvard undergraduate Rachel Hampton (class of 2017) learned fundamentals of volcanology and field mapping. She wrote an honors thesis in volcanology/igneous petrology at Harvard University and is now a Ph.D. student at the University of Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444260443209-G3QXZCS69I7EAGFP72U3/image-asset.jpeg Teaching and Mentorship Tom advised undergraduate student Maxine Luckett during the course of her field and laboratory research at Stanford University. Her research focused on the geochemistry and geochronology of rhyolitic fall and ignimbrite deposits intercalated in Steens Basalt lavas. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444263194749-QGQZG8BST9VY1Y7OQ5CN/IMG_3669.jpg Teaching and Mentorship http://www.tombenson.rocks/vitae daily 0.75 2023-08-30 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444179712231-JBB9LAC0UGCBYASPH8VS/IMG_5493+%281%29.jpg Vitae http://www.tombenson.rocks/photos daily 0.75 2019-08-01 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1563387567050-X93A6EZUQB0I95N2QIE7/tom_ponds.jpg Photos One of sixteen ~2-km-long evaporation ponds at the MineraExar Cauchari-Olaroz lithium brine project. Jujuy, Argentina. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444331121899-G8W42HT5CQIJZH9K0Q3X/image-asset.jpeg Photos Tom's Ph.D. advisor, Gail Mahood, and her dogs examining Miocene basinal sediments and looking for mice. Oregon End Table, Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444328376728-EAEI7VT4GFU190N7SOKZ/image-asset.jpeg Photos Sucker Creek Formation and overlying McIntyre Ridge rhyolite lava. Succor Creek State Park, Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1563388026056-KZV66SRJZQZMHJURNNZV/image-asset.jpeg Photos Metamorphic andalusite crystals at the contact of the Leinster Granite with Ordovician metasediments. Killiney, Ireland. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444332509808-QHNGZQTPCVDP5GAZ37DS/image-asset.jpeg Photos Serendipitous geocache. Bloody Run Peak, Nevada. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444330267517-2MQPEEYI9PARHWITU4Q6/image-asset.jpeg Photos Welding zonation within the Tuff of Whitehorse Creek. Whitehorse, Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1564688357079-QU29BQ64I7JBYPYIYJIF/8askja1.jpg Photos Viti Crater, Askja Caldera, Iceland. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444328821162-D71IGK7X84ZPQLAMT4CD/IMG_9150.jpg Photos Tom and his PhD advisor, Gail Mahood, examining ignimbrite exposed at the Honeycombs. Lake Owyhee Volcanic Field, Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444332758516-DIEBZNUVO12FNN75P91O/image-asset.jpeg Photos Desert geology. Owyhee Plateau, Oregon-Nevada Border. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444328058593-0IGXHCZIODH6GDSWPXFX/image-asset.jpeg Photos Tom's Ph.D. advisor, Gail Mahood, on the Owyhee River, Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1563387207348-D0A75JURW31L3C0E80ID/tom_tuzgle.jpg Photos Collecting samples of tuff near Cerro Tuzgle Volcano. Jujuy, Argentina. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444329046754-EAOSDNVU172CMCL6DAFM/image-asset.jpeg Photos Relaxing on the Owyhee River after a long day in the field. Lake Owyhee Volcanic Field, Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444330621023-5DU6G3BKOYWR4J6W5CXF/image-asset.jpeg Photos Stanford undergraduate Emily Williams ('16) resting after climbing up Calavera Canyon. McDermitt, Nevada. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1563389963579-UFPGK0QYBSK0R6CSY6MM/pacana_tom.jpg Photos 360 degrees of volcanoes = a happy volcanologist. Atacama, Chile. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1563387337334-ZB6XX1K38HEM2YNOON89/spodumene_ireland.jpg Photos Large spodumene crystals in the Aclare Pegmatite, Ireland. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1563389347784-L3X6JPMMGEB9IWNCGVCH/pastos_stop.jpg Photos Traffic assistance in the Salar de Pastos Grandes, Argentina. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1563387836630-SOLYI1U39915NB6II8NA/tom_ariel_catamarca.jpg Photos Collecting tuff samples in Catamarca, Argentina with Ariel Bregman of MineraExar. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444331532568-STC7PRSJ9Q5JTYV0AMPN/image-asset.jpeg Photos Rheomorphism in the Tuff of Long Ridge. Whitehorse, Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444327209108-DLP25W0MG3MX8YH9JFHN/image-asset.jpeg Photos When field work requires you to ford a river. Lake Owyhee Volcanic Field, Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444329534139-RS73T0T3HQAZNEHK03XT/image-asset.jpeg Photos Large plagioclase laths within the Steens Basalt. Pueblo Mountains, Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1563389057470-3L8TZ9MKTGQSM4RHE9C5/pacan_flamingo.jpg Photos A lone flamingo in the Chilean Andes. Atacama, Chile. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444329426754-KQYR3BDKODPWTFD0JS99/image-asset.jpeg Photos Driving across the Alvord Desert as the sun sets over Steens Mountain. Fields, Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444328480949-15K8Y92GVFXQ9XYHUOQI/image-asset.jpeg Photos Intracaldera Tuff of Leslie Gulch crosscut by post-caldera rhyolite dikes. Rooster Comb Caldera, Lake Owyhee Volcanic Field, Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1563390148154-PN8JPJVZ26ZLO7NKVFIT/image-asset.jpeg Photos Inspecting tuff near Licancabur Volcano. Atacama, Chile. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444331276840-Y5CNJQZIOVGHQQFPQZP4/image-asset.jpeg Photos Collecting samples near a U-Hg prospect in Winter. Buff Peak, Nevada. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444330394825-HAEEPSUTX1X250D2VEE2/image-asset.jpeg Photos Vertical flow foliations in a rhyolite lava in Whitehorse Canyon. Whitehorse, Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1563390244366-DK7ICFPYQKLB8D7KZP2U/salinas_1.jpg Photos Borate mining at the Salinas Grandes salar, Jujuy, Argentina. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444330466869-XR6XPL64YIYM2Y66N521/image-asset.jpeg Photos Miocene leaf fossils in the Trout Creek Formation. Whitehorse, Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444327812069-8CJGUBKGSGJQGXDQ5WKW/IMG_3708.jpg Photos Intracaldera Tuff of Leslie Gulch within the Rooster Comb Caldera. Lake Owyhee Volcanic Field, Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1563389571172-H8WD3WNF8I9ZIK3SAEXP/glacial.jpg Photos Glacial striations in Oligocene granite. Macusani, Peru. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444329166020-CN2RQRYZL37NX0AR9JWE/image-asset.jpeg Photos Looking at tuffs interbedded in Steens Basalt. Pueblo Mountains, Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444328620364-BD1T7K02MWJTFLEN1Q6H/image-asset.jpeg Photos Flow foliation in a pre-caldera rhyolite lava of the Rooster Comb Caldera. Lake Owyhee Volcanic Field, Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1563389736990-48MZCK58SYX8OU5Q6TNU/llama.jpg Photos A photogenic alpaca. Lascar Volcano, Chile. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444327290345-ZLTONBW8JRLO4NSAPDNG/image-asset.jpeg Photos Intracaldera Tuff of Leslie Gulch with Mahogany Mountain in the background. Lake Owyhee Volcanic Field, Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444329836080-O5B2ZKDIL2N1STSHA8QP/IMG_1158.jpg Photos Wild horses keeping geologists company. High Rock Caldera Complex, Nevada. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444329931840-U40HWC2DHT0MZQX2U80T/image-asset.jpeg Photos Debris flow atop basinal sediments. Hawks Valley, Oregon. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1564688132838-82QGPAVFFOGOTZU9UE6J/2geothermal.jpg Photos A winter (mid-day) sunset over the Svartsengi geothermal power plant, Iceland. http://www.tombenson.rocks/geothermal-energy daily 0.75 2019-07-17 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444182308494-1DHQEVI0E3BUP95002TD/image-asset.jpeg Geothermal Energy 2D temperature profile calculated from Vp values at the Cove Fort-Sulphurdale Geothermal Area, Utah. https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444180941905-7AQ8EM4Z1BBKYXN7JO9R/IMG_7413.jpg Geothermal Energy Reykjanes Geothermal Power Plant in Iceland (2011). https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444320958715-622EDN50KYGWHZ0OKTLF/Radiogenic_heat_production.jpg Geothermal Energy Source: (Benson, 2009) https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1444181070706-L4Q4DFYUL5MROQAE5F5B/IMG_5712.jpg Geothermal Energy http://www.tombenson.rocks/about-me daily 0.75 2024-09-26 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/5612f925e4b05ed64570bc36/1563393169899-KB1F35MW9F8DHRDAAJ7M/pacana_tom.jpg About me http://www.tombenson.rocks/home-alt-bedford daily 0.75 2025-05-09 https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/52a74d9ae4b0253945d2aee9/1390500612440-PGQSIY8KL9F7T5VIXQLO/chambers-2.jpg Home Alt A better world Starts with a choice Contact Us https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/52a74d9ae4b0253945d2aee9/1390500503574-5BAPXZO9U06UV61P49UO/chambers1.jpg Home Alt Sustainability Starts with you Join Us https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/52a74d9ae4b0253945d2aee9/1390500933384-LII4SRIPHFYOUFX0UCXC/chambers-4.jpg Home Alt A better world Starts with a choice Join Us https://images.squarespace-cdn.com/content/v1/52a74d9ae4b0253945d2aee9/1390504287124-HQ8GNX1JCE22V047MSQ9/chambers-8.jpg Home Alt Preserve Nature Join Us